Zarr
Zarr is a file format designed for cloud computing, see documentation.
Zarr is also supported by dask, the parallel computing framework for Python, and the Dask team implemented storage backends for Google Cloud Storage and Amazon S3.
Use OpenStack swift on Jetstream for object storage
Jetstream 2, like Jetstream 1, offers access to object storage via OpenStack Swift. This is a separate service from the Jetstream Virtual Machines, so you do not need to spin any Virtual Machine dedicated to storing the data but just use the object storage already provided by Jetstream. When you ask for an allocation, you can ask for volume storage and object store storage.
Read Zarr files from object store
If somebody else has already made available some files on object store and set their visibility to “public”, anybody can read them.
See the example Notebook to read Zarr files
OpenStack Swift already provides an endpoint which has an interface compatible with Amazon S3, therefore we can directly use the S3FileSystem
provided by s3fs
.
Then we can build a S3Map
object which zarr
and dask.array
can access.
In this example I am using the distributed
scheduler on a single node, you can scale up your computation having workers distributed on multiple nodes, just make sure that all the workers have access to the zarr
, dask
, s3fs
packages.
Write Zarr files or read private files
In this case we need authentication.
First you need to ask to the XSEDE helpdesk API access to Jetstream, this also gives access to the Horizon interface, which has many advanced features that are not available in Atmosphere.
Create a bucket
Object store systems are organized on buckets, which are like root folders of our filesystem. From the Horizon interface, we can choose Object Store -> Containers (quite confusing way of referring to buckets in OpenStack). Here we can check content of existing buckets or create a new one.
Make sure you create the bucket on the right project
Get credentials
Once you have Jetstream 2 application credentials on your system, you can first test you can check the content of the bucket we created above:
openstack object list my_bucket
Now create ec2 credentials with:
openstack ec2 credentials create
This is going to display AWS access key and AWS secret, we can save credentials in ~/.aws/credentials
in the machine we want then use to write to object store.
[default]
region=RegionOne
aws_access_key_id=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
aws_secret_access_key=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Test access
We can check if we can successfully login using s3fs
, notice we do not use anon=True
as we did before:
import s3fs
fs = s3fs.S3FileSystem(client_kwargs=dict(endpoint_url="https://js2.jetstream-cloud.org:8001/"))
fs.ls("my_bucket")
Generate a file and write it to object store
See a Notebook example of creating a random array in dask and saving it in Zarr format to Object Store.